The year 593 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 161 Ab urbe condita . The denomination 593 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

• Sappho returns from exile in Sicily (or 594 BC).
• Napata is sacked by the Egyptians and the Kushite capital relocates to Meroë.