West African Nile monitor

West African Nile monitor
Two individuals in Gambia, which based on location are West African Nile monitors[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Anguimorpha
Family: Varanidae
Genus: Varanus
Species:
V. niloticus
Subspecies:
V. n. stellatus
Trinomial name
Varanus niloticus stellatus
(Daudin, 1802)

The West African Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus stellatus) is a subspecies of the Nile monitor that is native to West African forests and adjacent savannah (east to northern Cameroon).[1] It has also been introduced to Florida, United States, where it is considered invasive.[2]

Female Nile monitors typically reach sexual maturity at approximately two years of age or when they grow to around 14 inches in length. They lay eggs in burrows, with clutch sizes ranging from 12 to 60 eggs, depending on the female's size. Males compete aggressively for mating opportunities, often engaging in wrestling behavior. In captivity, Nile monitors may live up to 20 years. As the largest lizard species native to Africa, individuals can reach lengths of up to 6.5 feet and weigh as much as 17.8 pounds, though most adults average around 5 feet in length and 15 pounds in weight. [3]


This cryptic species has traditionally been included in the Nile monitor (V. niloticus), but from 1997 to 2015 it was often considered as the western population of the ornate monitor (V. ornatus). Compared to the other members of the Nile monitor species complex (which also includes the ornate monitor of Central Africa), the West African Nile monitor has a genetic sequence divergence of more than 8%, meaning that they separated about 7.7 million years ago. This is a larger divergence than between humans and chimpanzees.[1][2] Despite this, the Reptile Database continues to place it within the Nile monitor, but do note that this broad species definition includes distinctive clades.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b c Dowell, Stephanie A.; Portik, Daniel M.; de Buffrénil, Vivian; Ineich, Ivan; Greenbaum, Eli; Kolokotronis, Sergios-Orestis & Hekkala, Evon R. (2016). "Molecular data from contemporary and historical collections reveal a complex story of cryptic diversification in the Varanus (Polydaedalus) niloticus species group". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 94 (Pt B): 591–604. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.004. hdl:20.500.12648/7502. PMID 26475616.
  2. ^ a b Yong, Ed (20 April 2016). Florida’s Dragon Problem. The Atlantic. Retrieved 15 September 2019.
  3. ^ "Nile Monitor". Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. 2021-04-29. Retrieved 2025-11-12.
  4. ^ Varanus niloticus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 15 September 2019.


allikas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_African_Nile_monitor