Al-Burooj

Surah 85 of the Quran
البروج‎
Al-Burūj
The Stars
ClassificationMeccan
Other namesThe Constellations, The Galaxies, The Zodiacal Signs
No. of verses22
No. of words109
No. of letters469

Al-Buruj[1] (Arabic: البروج, romanized: al-burūj, "The Great Star") is the eighty-fifth chapter (surah) of the Quran, with 22 ayat or verses.[2] The word "Al-Burooj" in the first verse is usually translated as 'stars', or more specifically, 'great stars'.[3] The word Al-Burooj is the plural of Burj, which means fort or tower; something that can be seen from a distance.

Summary

The surah opens with an oath by a heaven full of stars.

  • 4-7 The "owners of the ditch" (persecutors of believers) are cursed with fire
  • 8-9 The believers persecuted for their faith in God
  • 10-12 For the infidels is hell-fire, but for believers Paradise
  • 13-16 God is Creator and Sovereign Ruler of the universe
  • 17-20 Pharaoh and Thamud set as examples to warn those who reject the guidance of God
  • 21 The Quran is kept on a guarded tablet[4]

Exegesis

4-8 People of the Ditch

Main article: People of the Ditch

Interpreters give several different versions of the story to be referred to in verses 4–8: persecution of Christians by Dhu Nuwas in Yemen, persecutions by Nebuchadnezzar, and people of the trench. It has been documented that Dhu Nuwas burned 20,000 Christians alive in a burning trench because they refused to convert to Judaism.[5]

22 The 'preserved tablet'

Quranic exegetes produced different interpretations of the term 'preserved tablet' in verse 22. In this surah the relationship of Quran to the 'Preserved Tablet' is correlated with the relation of the stars 'Al-Buruj' to the heavens 'Al-Sama'. Some of the Mu'tazila argued that revelations were created initially in the preserved tablet. The 'Preserved Tablet' seems to be close to another term, 'Mother of all books' (umm al-kitab), mentioned in Ar-Ra'd 13:39 and Az-Zukhruf 43:4.[6]

Hadith

Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid, Ad-Dahhaj, Al-Hasan al-Basri,[7] Qatadah and As-Suddi said Burj means stars.[8] Ibn Jareer chose the view that it means the positions of the sun and the moon, which are twelve Burooj. The sun travels through each one of these Burj in one month. The moon travels through each one of these Burj in two-and-a-third days, which makes a total of twenty-eight positions, and it is hidden for two nights [making a month of 30 approximately].[citation needed]

References

  1. ^ Ibn Kathir. "Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Buruj". Quran 4 U. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  2. ^ Quran sura 85 at al-quran.info
  3. ^ Quran sura 85: see translations by Arberry, Pickthall, and Palmer
  4. ^ Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ "Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-Burooj -> the Story of the Sorcerer, the Monk, the Boy and Those Who were forced to enter the Ditch".
  6. ^ Leaman, Oliver (2008). The Qur'an : an encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 346 (By Stefan Wild). ISBN 978-0-415-32639-1.
  7. ^ "Note: When mentioned Hasan al-Basri, he wrote الحسن Al-Hassan or الحسن البصري Al-Hassan al-Basri, and when he mentioned hassan ibn ali he wrote الحسن بن علي Al-Hassan ibn Ali". tafsir.app. Retrieved 2020-12-30.
  8. ^ Ibn Kathir. "Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English Translation)". QTafsir. Retrieved February 20, 2021.
allikas: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sura_85